Worksheet-1
Class XI
Subject:- Informatics Practices
Questions & Answers on Hardware Concepts
Ans. A Primary Input device for a PDA, Smart Phones and Tablet PC’s is a basic stylus. Some PDAs have a built in keyboard or support voice input. You can attach a full sized portable keyboard to a PDA.
2. Name the super computers developed in India. [1]
Ans. PARAM, PACE, EKA
3.What are the major strength and weaknesses of a computer ? [1]
Ans. Strength :1. Speed 2. Accuracy 3.Reliability 4.High storage 5. Versatility
Weaknesses : 1. Lack of decision making 2. Zero IQ.
4. What is MICR? Where it is mostly used? [1]
Ans. MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character Reader. This device can read human readable characters that are printed using a special magnetic ink. The MICR is mostly used in banks.
5. What does a Bus mean? [1]
Ans. A Bus is a group of conducting lines that carries data, address and control signals between a CPU and memory.
6. What is Port? Name some port types. [1]
Ans. Port is a point on a computer having circuitry to allow connection of external devices with computer. Ports are of various types
Serial Port, Parallel Port, Infra-Red Port, Phone Port, USB Port, AGP Port, Network Port.
7. Can you pick the one that offers maximum read speed along with maximum capacity ? [1]
Memory stick ProDuo, SD Card, MMC Plus, Smart Media Card
Ans. Out of these Memory stick ProDuo offers maximum read speed along with maximum capacity
8. What are various Biometric Devices? Give one Example. [2]
Ans. A Biometric device translates a personal characteristic into digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in the computer to identify an individual.
A Fingerprint scanner captures curves and indentations of a fingerprint. A face recognition system captures a live face image. A hand geometry system measures the shape and size of hand. A voice verification system compares live speech with a stored voice pattern. A signature verification system recognizes the shape of a signature.
9. Recognize the four categories of Output . [2]
Ans. Output is a data that has been processed into a useful form. Four categories of output are
• Text
• Graphics
• Audio
• Video
10. How is compiler different from interpreter? [2]
Ans. A Compiler converts the source code(HLL) into object code (MLL) in one go and reports all the errors along with their line numbers.
An interpreter converts source code into object code line by line and executes it there and then. It does not shift to the next line if a line contains errors.
11. What are the differences between hardware, software and firmware? [2]
Ans. Hardwareare the physical tangible components of a computer system.
Software is the computer programs that govern the operation of a computer System
Firmware are the prewritten programs permanently stored in read-only memory
12. Give examples of each system software and application software. Explain the function of each type. [2]
Ans. Examples of System software are : (i) Operating System (ii) Language processors (iii) Application software
Examples of Operating system are :Single User, Multiuser, Batch Processing, Multiprocessing etc.
As the name suggest single user OS supports single user whereas multiuser OS can support multi users. The batchprocessing OS processes the batch of jobs(one at a time) and multiprocessing OS is capable of handling multiple CPUs at the same time .
Examples of Language processors are (i) Interpreter (ii) Compiler (iii) Assembler
An interpreter converts source code into object code line by line and executes it there and then. It does not shift to the next line if a line contains errors.
A Compiler converts the source code(HLL) into object code (MLL) in one go and reports all the errors along with their line numbers.
Examples of application software are : (i) Customised software (ii) General Software
13.What are the types of computers? How do they differ with each other? [2]
Ans. There are three types of computers (i) Digital (ii) Analog (iii) Hybrid
Digital Computers deal with discrete quantities.
Analog computers deal with physical quantities.
Hybrid computers combine the characteristics of analog and digital computers.
14. Why is binary language often termed as machine language? Why is machine language needed? [2]
Ans. A Computer works on Binary numbers which are in the form of 0’s and 1’s. Thus it needs a language that uses unique symbols to represent these two states. Therefore a computer works on machine language. The Binary language if often termed as machine language as it fulfills the condition of using two unique symbols.
15. What is the difference between OCR and OMR? [2]
Ans. An OCR (Optical Character Reader) is used to read characters of special type font that are printed on paper or it is a scanned document
On the other hand an OMR (Optical Mark Reader) is used to transcribe marks that are marked with a dark pencil or ink on a special preprinted form
16. What are the two categories of printers? Which type of printer is more speedy? [2]
Ans. The printers can be classified in two categories:-
1. Impact Printers : In these type of printers, there is a physical connection between the paper and the print head. They are (i) Line Printer (ii) Dot Matrix Printer (iii) Daisy Wheel Printer
2. Non-ImpactPrinter : In these types, there is no physical connection between the paper and the print head. The printing takes place with some electromagnetic, thermal, laser techniques.
The Non-Impact printers are more speedy than Impact printers.
17. What are the differences between RAM and ROM ? [2]
Ans. RAM stand for Random Access Memory where both read and write operation can take place, but this is volatile memory; its contents are lost when power is turned off
ROM stands for Read Only Memory where only read operation can take place. This is a non-volatile memory
Both RAM and ROM are the parts of primary memory
18. Write the difference between serial Port, Parallel Port and USB port. [2.5]
Difference of serial, usb and parallel ports
There are different types of port used to transfer of data between the internal and external devices using different types of cables through peripheral interfaces.
1. Parallel Ports
In the early years of computers, the parallel port, the most common interface on a computer that is intended primarily for printers and other devices.
2. Serial Ports
Serial ports, also called COM ports used to connect devices such as modems via a serial interface connection means that a data bit in the order of one second. It is located on the back of a PC.
3. USB
USB ports are run on computers since 1995 and became standard on most computers in 1998. They are another type of serial port with the name of that coming to a wide range of different devices such as keyboards, printers, scanners and mice to connect to. It is designed to plug and play, a force that both the parallel and serial ports to a standard to be defective.
19. Write the differences between:-
(i) Communication Bus and Address Bus
(ii) Data Bus and Control Bus. [2.5]
In computer architecture, a bus is a system that transfers data between computer
components or between computers.
This is a system of bus, which is used to specify the address of a memory location. The
width of a bus determines the number of memory locations that can be addressed. For
example a system with 64-bit address bus can address 264 memory locations.
20. Write the full forms of the following terms VDU, LCD, DMP, CRT, CD-RW, DVD [3]
Ans. VDU – Visual Display Unit
LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
DMP – Dot Matrix Printer
CRT – Cathode Ray Tube
CD-RW – Compact Disk Read/Write
DVD – Digital Video Disk
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