These are some code how we work with swing control without using any IDE i.e. using Notepad and fundamental of Programming.

                                  

                                                                   Swing

Swing:-

              Swing is a Java Foundation Classes [JFC] liberary and an extension of the Abstract Window Toolkit [AWT],new components, expanded components features, excellent event handling with drag and drop support.

Swing Components:-

                                  Swing is a package built on top of the AWT that provides a great number of pre built classes [over 250 classes and 40 UI components].

Swing Components	Features
JApplet	An extended version of java.applet.Applet that adds support for root panes and other panes
JButton	A command button
JCheckBox	A checkbox that can be user selected or deselected and displays its state visually on the GUI
JCheckMenuItem	A menu item that can be select or deselect and display its state visually on the  GUI
JComboBox	A combo box, which is a combination of a text field and drop down list of selectable items
JDialog	The base class for creating a dialog window
JFrame	An extended version of java.awt.Frame That adds support for root panes and other panes
JLable	A display area that can hold a short text message, an image or both normally placed adjacent to a textbox as its prompt
JList	A component that allows the user to select one or more objects from a list
JMenu	A pop up menu containing JMenuItem that is displayed when the user selects it in the JMenuBar component
JMenuBar	An implementation of a menu bar
JMenuItem	An implementation of a menu item
JOptionPane	Make it easy to pop up a standard dialog box
JPanel	A generic Lightweight container
JPasswordFeild	Allow editing of a single line of text where the view does not show the original characters
JPopupMenu	A pop up menu
JPopupMenuSeparator	A pop-up menu-specific separator
JProgressBar	A component that displays an integer value within an interval
JRadioButton	A radio button that can be selected or deselected, displaying its state visually
JRadioButtonMenuItem	A radio button menu item
JRootPane	The fundamental component in the container hierarchy
JScrollBar	An implementation of a scrollbar
JScrollPane	A container that manages a viewport, optional vertical and horizontal scrollbars and optional row and column heading viewports
JSlider	A component that lets the user select a value by sliding a knob within an interval
JTabbedPane	Lets the user switch between a group of components by clicking tabs
JTable	Presents data in a two-dimensional table format
JTextArea	A multi line area that accepts and displays user input as plain text
JTextFeild	A single line area that accepts and displays user input as plain text
JtextPane	A text component that can be marked up with attributes that are representes graphically
JToolBar	A toolbar, used for displaying commonly used controls as icon in a the GUI of a commercial application
JTree	Display a set of hierarchical data as an tree outline

Comparison between swing and AWT:-

                                                                     The biggest difference between the AWT and swing components is that swing components are implemented totally in java. Swing components have more functionality than AWT components.

Working with swings

JFrame:

              A swing frame is a container that functions as the main window for applications that use swing components. A swing frame has a title, a border and buttons for iconofying, maximizing and closing frame.

                                 The JFrame class is subdivided into several different panes. The main pane is the content pane which represents the full area of a frame into which components can be added.

Methods of JFrame:

Methods	Description
Void setContentPane(Container) Container getContentPane()	Set or get the frame’s content pane. The content pane contains the frame’s visible GUI components. The content pane is opaque.
JRootPane creatRootPane() Void setRootPane(JRootPane) JRootPane getRootPane()	Create, set or get the frame’s root pane. The root panel manages the interior of the frame including the content pane, the glass pane and so on.
Void setGlassPane(Component) Component getGlassPane()	Set or get the frame’s glass pane.Use the frame’s layered pane to put components on top or behind other components
Void setLayeredPane(JLayeredPane) JLayeredPane getLayeredpane()	Set or get the frame’s layered pane. Use the frame’s layered pane to put components on top of or behind other components.

Example1:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Import java.awt.*;

Public class HelloworldFrame extends JFrame

{

Public static void main(String[]args)

{

JFrame frm =new JFrame(“welcome”);

Container container =frm.getContentPane();

Container.add(new JLable(“Hello World”, JLable.CENTER));

Frm.setSize(200,200);

Frm.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

         }

};

Frm.addWindowListener(listener);

         }

}

JPanel:-

               A JPanel is a Swing container [a component extension of JComponent] that is used for grouping components within one area of an applet or a frame. A panel can also be used to group other panels.

Example2:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Import java.awt.*;

Public class MasterForm extends JFrame

{

Public MasterForm()

{

super(“Address Book”);

JButton btnAdd =new JButton(“Add”);

JButton btnEdit =new JButton(“Edit”);

JButton btnDelete =new JButton(“Delete”);

JButton btnView=new JButton(“View”);

JPanel pnlMenu =new JPanel();

pnlMenu.add(btnAdd);

pnlMenu.add(btnEdit);

pnlMenu.add(btnDelete);

pnlMenu.add(btnView);

btnAdd.setMnemonic(‘a’);

btnEdit.setMnemonic(‘e’);

btnDelete.setMnemonic(‘d’);

btnView.setMnemonic(‘v’);

btnAdd.setToolTipText(“To add new contents”);

btnEdit.setToolTipText(“To edit existing contents”);

btnDelete.setToolTipText(“To delete existing contents”);

btnView.setToolTipText(“To view existing contents”);

setContentPane(pnlMenu);

}

public static void main(String[]args)

{

MasterForm frmMaster =new MasterForm();

frmMaster.setSize(300,200);

frmMaster.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

         }

};

Frm.addWindowListener(listener);

         }

}

Swings Basic Containers:

                                           These components are the content pane, layered pane, glass pane and an optional menu bar.

In addition to this, the root pane is a virtual container that contains all four of them.

Root Pane:

                   Swing containers such as JApplet, JFrame, jWindow delegates their duties to the root pane represented by the class JRootPane. Root pane cannot have any children class. Thus, GUI Components cannot add directly.

JButton Method:

Methods	Description
Boolean isDefaultButton()	Sets the button as the default button in the GUI.
void updateUI()	Used to update the look and feel of the application’s GUI

                        

JLabel Methods:

Methods	Description
void setHorizontalAlignment(int) void setVerticalAlignment(int) int getHorizontalAlignmen() int getVerticalAlignmen()	The set or get specifies where in the lable its contents should be placed. The SwingContantsinterface define five possible values for horizontal alignment: LEFT[default for text only labels], CENTER[default for image only labels], RIGHT, LEADING and TRAILING.For Vertical alignment: TOP, CENTER[default], BOTTOM
Void setIconTextGap(int) Int getIconTextGap()	Sets or gets the number of pixels between the labels text and its images
Icon getIcon()	Returns an icon associated with the image
Void setIcon(Icon)	Sets an icon to an lable
String getText()	Return the text string that the lable display
Void setText(String)	Defines a single line of text the lable will display
Void setDisplayedKeyAcceletor(char)	Specifies a character that indicates the shortcut key
Char getDisplayedKeyAccelerator()	Returns the char that indicates the shortcut key

Example3:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Import java.awt.*;

Public class Login extends JPanel

{

Public Login()

{

Icon imgIcon =new ImageIcon(“Images/security.jpg”);

JLabel lbllnValid =new JLable(“The Login Username or password is not valid.”,SwingConstant.RIGHT);

add(lblReEnter);

}

Public static void main(String args[])

{

JFrame frm =new JFrame(“Invalid Login”);

Login lblLogin =new Login();

Frm.getContentPane().add(“Center”,lblLogin);

Frm.setSize(400,200);

Frm.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

   }};

               }

}

Text Field:

                   A text field is a component that lets a user enter a small amount of text, normally used with GUI based data entry screen in commercial application or Applets.

JTextField Method:

Methods	Description
Void setEditable(Boolean) Boolean getEditable()	Sets or gets whether the user can edit the text in the text field
Void setColumns(int) Int getColumns()	Sets or gets the number of columns displayed by the text field
Int getColumnWidth()	Get the width of the text field’s columns
Void setHorizontalAlignment(int) Int getHorizontalAlignment()	Set or get how the text is aligned horizontally within its area. One can use JTextField.LEFT, JTextField.CENTER and JTextFeild. RIGHT for aligning text in the text field.
Void setEchoChar(char) Char getEchoChar () (in JPasswordField)	Set or get the echo character – the character displayed instead of the actual characters typed by the user

Example4:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Public class Login extends JPanel

{

JLable lblUserName;

JLable lblUserPassword;

JTextField txtUserName;

JpasswordField txtPassword;

Public Login()

{

lblUserName =new JLable(“Username:”);

txtUserName =new JTextField(10);

lblUserPassword =new JLable(“UserPassword:”);

txtUserPassword =new JPasswordField(10);

txtPassword.setEchoChar(‘*’);

txtUserName.setToolTipText(“Enter Username”);

txtPassword.setToolTipText(“Enter Password”);

add(lblUserName);

add(txtUserName);

add(lblUserPassword);

add(txtlUserPassword);

}

Public static void main(String[]args)

{

Login frmLogin =new Login();

JFrame frm =new JFrame(“Login Form”);

Frm.setContentPane(frmLogin);

Frm.setSize(200,150);

Frm.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

         }

};

Frm.addWindowListener(listener);

         }

}

Text Areas:

                     A text area is a text control used in a GUI that lets a user enter multiple lines of text.

JTextArea Methods:

Methods	Description
Append(String)	Appends the given string to the end of the document
Void getColumns(int) Int getRows(int)	Returns the number of columns and rows in the text area.
Insert(String,int)	Inserts a specified text at the specified position in the text area
Void setRows(int)	Sets the number of rows for the text area
Void setFont(Font)	Sets a specific font for the text

Example5:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Public class AddressDetails extends JPanel

{

JLable lblFirstName, lblLastName, lblAddress;

JTextFeild txtFirestName, txtLastName;

JTextArea txtareaAddress;

Public AddressDetails()

{

setLayout(null);

lblFirstName =new JLable(“First Name:”);

lblLastName =new JLable(“Last Name:”);

lblAddress =new JLable(“Address:”);

txtFirstName =new JTextFeild(15);

txtLastName =new JTextFeild(15);

txtareaAddress =new JTextArea(10,10);

lblFirstName.setBounds(10,20,120,25);

txtFirstName.setBounds(150,20,210,25);

lblLastName.setBounds(10,60,180,25);

txtLastName.setBounds(150,60,210,25);

lblAddress.setBounds(10,100,250,25);

txtareaAddress.setBounds(150,100,280,100);

add(lblFirstName);

add(txtFirstName);

add(lblLastName);

add(txtLastName);

add(lblAddress);

add(txtareaAddress);

}

Public static void main(String[]args)

{

AddressDetails frmAddress =new AddressDetails();

JFrame frm =new JFrame(“Address Details”);

frm.setContentPane(frmAddress);

frm.setSize(500,300);

frm.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

         }

};

Frm.addWindowListener(listener);

         }

}

JCheckBox Methods:

Methods	Description
String getLabel() Void setLabel(String)	Sets or gets a label for a check box
Boolean getState() Void setState(Boolean)	Sets or gets the status of the check box

Example6:

Import javax.swing.*;

Import java.awt.event.*;

Public class Hobbies extends JPanel

{

JCheckBox chkMusic, chkDancing, chkReading, chkStamp, chkCoins, chkDriving;

Public Hobbies()

{

        chkMusic =new JCheckBox(“Music”,true);

        chkDancing =new JCheckBox(“Dancing”,false);

        chkReading =new JCheckBox(“Reading”,false);

        chkDriving =new JCheckBox(“Driving”, false);

        chkStamp =new JCheckBox(“Collecting Stamp”, false);

        chkCoins =new JCheckBox(“Collecting Old Coins”, false);

add(chkMusic);

add(chkDancing);

add(chkReading);

add(chkDriving);

add(chkStamp);

add(chkCoins);

}

Public static void main(String[] args)

{

Hobbies frmHobbies =new Hobbies();

JFrame frm =new JFrame(“Hobbies”);

Frm.setContentPane(frmHobbies);

frm.setSize(300,150);

frm.setVisible(true);

WindowListener listener = new WindowAdaper()

{

             Public void windowClosing(WindowEvent winEvt)

{                  

                        System.exit(0);

         }

};

Frm.addWindowListener(listener);

         }

}

I hope after reading this article now you pupil understood how Net Beans IDE or Eclipse IDE made our programming life simple.

So enjoy GUI programming with NET BEANS IDE.